India’s most distinguished leaders and an architect of modern India’s economic reforms, Dr. Manmohan Singh passed away on December 26, 2024, at the age of 91. His demise marks the end of an era characterized by humility, wisdom, and transformative leadership. The former prime minister was admitted to AIIMS Delhi after a sudden health crisis but could not be revived despite the best efforts of medical professionals. The nation and the world mourn the loss of a leader whose contributions have left an indelible mark on India’s history.
A Journey from Humble Beginnings to National Leadership
Born in 1932 in Punjab, Dr. Manmohan Singh’s journey was one of perseverance and brilliance. After completing his early education in India, Singh pursued higher studies in economics, earning a doctorate from the University of Oxford. His academic achievements laid the foundation for his remarkable career as an economist, policymaker, and statesman.
Dr. Singh’s entry into the Indian government began in 1971 as an economic advisor in the Commerce Ministry. Over the years, his expertise in economics propelled him to key positions, including Governor of the Reserve Bank of India and Finance Minister. It was in the latter role that Singh cemented his reputation as a visionary economist by spearheading the landmark 1991 economic reforms that liberalized India’s economy and opened its doors to the global market.
Prime Ministerial Tenure: 2004-2014
Manmohan Singh served as the Prime Minister of India for two consecutive terms from 2004 to 2014. His tenure was marked by significant policy initiatives, including the implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the Right to Information Act, and the Indo-U.S. civilian nuclear agreement. Singh’s leadership focused on economic growth, social equity, and fostering India’s global stature.
Despite criticism for his perceived reticence, Singh’s actions often spoke louder than words. His tenure saw unprecedented economic growth, poverty reduction, and increased global engagement. Singh’s calm demeanor, integrity, and data-driven approach earned him respect both domestically and internationally.
Tributes from Across the Globe
The news of Dr. Singh’s passing prompted an outpouring of grief and tributes from leaders worldwide. Prime Minister Narendra Modi described him as “one of India’s most distinguished leaders,” highlighting his rise from humble beginnings to become a respected economist and statesman. Modi remarked, “His wisdom and humility were always visible, and his contributions to India will be remembered forever.”
Congress leader Rahul Gandhi expressed profound sorrow, calling Dr. Singh his “mentor and guide.” Gandhi emphasized that millions admired Singh for his dedication and vision. Other Congress leaders, including Priyanka Gandhi Vadra and Mallikarjun Kharge, echoed these sentiments, underscoring his unblemished political career and immense contributions to the nation.
International figures, too, mourned Singh’s demise. Former Afghan President Hamid Karzai called him “one of India’s most illustrious sons,” while former Maldivian President Mohamed Nasheed remembered him as a “benevolent father figure” and a steadfast friend of the Maldives. These tributes highlight Dr. Singh’s role in fostering regional stability and international goodwill.
Legacy of Economic Reforms
Dr. Singh’s most enduring legacy remains the 1991 economic reforms that transformed India’s economy from a closed system to a vibrant, market-driven powerhouse. Industrialist Gautam Adani lauded Singh’s pivotal role in these reforms, stating that “history will always honor his contributions.” Harsh Goenka, chairman of RPG Enterprises, described Singh as a “true statesman” and the “architect of economic reforms” that reshaped India’s destiny.
Under Singh’s leadership, India saw substantial growth in GDP, an expansion of the middle class, and a surge in foreign investments. His tenure as Finance Minister and later as Prime Minister demonstrated his unwavering commitment to economic stability and growth.
Mourning a National Loss
The Union government declared a seven-day period of mourning in Dr. Singh’s honor. During this time, the national flag will be flown at half-mast, and no official entertainment events will take place. Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah announced a similar seven-day state mourning, calling Singh’s passing a “true loss to India.” The Congress party has also suspended all official programs, including its foundation day celebrations, as a mark of respect.
Dr. Singh’s mortal remains were brought to his residence at 3 Motilal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, late on Thursday. His body will be placed for public homage, allowing citizens to pay their last respects. The funeral, scheduled for Saturday, will be conducted with full state honors.
Remembering the Man Behind the Leader
Beyond his political and economic achievements, Dr. Manmohan Singh will be remembered for his humility, integrity, and dedication to public service. President Droupadi Murmu remarked that Singh’s unblemished political life and unwavering service to the nation set a benchmark for leadership. His ability to balance economic pragmatism with social welfare showcased his commitment to inclusive development.